AIDS :: AIDS Essays

Scientists have concluded, based on mathematical research, that the virus that lead to the epidemic of AIDS can be traced all the way back to 1930, somewhere around Central Africa. Bette Korber, of the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, presented this conclusion at the Conference of Retroviruses. The notion that HIV was introduced in contaminated oral polio vaccines in Africa between the years of 1957 and 1961 has been often debated and challenged. The results presented by Korber, not only refute the before mentioned allegations, but also move us toward finding out where the virus really came from and in which direction it is heading in the future. The first sample discovered in 1959 comes from a man in Congo, who died as a member of the M class of HIV, the type that most people are infected with today. However old the virus was, it was evident that it wasn’t the first of its kind. The reason that the virus was ever connected to polio is because in the same year of 1959, the introduction of oral polio vaccines, supposedly tested on chimpanzees, came to the continent of Africa. However in reality, states Stanley Plotkin of the Wistar Institute in Philadelphia, â€Å"the introduction of HIV in chimpanzees occurred well before the polio vaccine.† The machine used in the process of determination is the Los Alamos Nirvana Machine, which is capable of making one trillion calculations per second. After plugging in dates, formulas and locations, the Nirvana located the origin of the HIV virus as being 1930, however the range of error shows that it could have been anywhere from 1915 to 1942. The Nirvana was also able to determine that the virus appeared in the Caribbean Islands such as Haiti, in the 1960’s, while it came to America more than ten years later. It is quite definite that the virus came from chimpanzees in the area around Gabon, Cameroon, and the Central African rainforest. It most probably passed onto the hunters while they were butchering the animals. After that, the virus has taken on six different strands, and is spread in humans mostly through sexual intercourse. Issue The matter being discussed here is the AIDS epidemic. AIDS and the HIV virus are very real issues in the world and especially in America. Whether it is the needle of the syringe of a junkie, a blood transfusion or the exchange of bodily fluids, people are getting infected and dying every day with this disease, and there is no remedy.

Consider how succsesful sheriff conveys the realities in war situations Essay

The play called Journey’s end is all based on real events of WW1, it is written by R.C.Sherriff, the title of the play shows us the play is about a journey but has to come to an end quite obvious but very important, In Act one scene one we get an insight where Osborne is having a conversation with Hardy which leads onto the important part of the play the big German attack, ‘By the way, you know the Big German attack is expected any day’. Surely you would expect that you would be very shocked to hear of this news but Osborne simply plays it down saying ‘It’s been expected for the last month’ as if to say will they ever do it? Now Osborne and Hardy have a long conversation and the audience must think now this is unusual would they have time to that and if you’re asking what that is then ‘Ever ad earwig races?’ ‘ no’ ‘I will give you a tip’ ‘what’ ‘if u dip them in whiskey they go li ke hell’ This I think shows typical men gambling and competition but it also shows us the joy of the war how close the soldiers are together which points out they have spent a long time in the trenches together so it’s showing us that its long ‘ When Hardy finally leaves Osborne alone, the cook Mason comes in to talk about dinner but Mason is the sort of character who eve though there is war he can still is very funny. ‘Soup sir cutlets’ ‘Just kidding ordinary rationary meat sir looks like liver but it has not got that wet smooth look that liver has got and it has a noo shape. After this the new soldier has arrived and Osborne is there to greet him, the new soldier is Raleigh but he is also still a schoolboy ‘Oh no you see I only left school at the end of the last summer term’ this shows us just how bad the war situation was the fact that they were now forcing schoolboys in. In act two scene one again we find out about the food and how you have to save it ‘well take the lumps out of my porridge, good keep the lumps and use um for dumplings next time e ave boiled beef. Then they talk about the big attack again ‘the boche is up to something. The big attack is soon’ Then Raleigh says something strange which makes the audience think but there your enemies ‘those germans are well decent. there is a joke next where mason says ‘ would you like some sardines’ no I would loathe it sir’ very good sir’ this show the audience that mason gives it him as it is the only thing for him to eat and even though he hates it he has no choice but to eat it to built up his strength. The main focus is Act three scene 3 starts off with great imagery ‘The candles are no longer burning’ the intense darkness of the dug out is softened by the glow of the Very lights in the sky beyond the doorway. There is no sound except for the distant mutter of the guns. ‘Putting the mug on the table’ shows it is a very big dug out as it can have all those things in the dug out, which shows us that they must have some importance. Its dawn ‘Towards dawn’ which sets the scene just another old day. ‘OT teaâ€℠¢ they have tea which shows that they have a jolly morning meaning there is two sides to the war. ‘Trotter is singing a long long trail’ which means its joyful there is still humour in the middle of a war, there is also humour because Stanhope says ‘Has the milkman been yet in French’ ‘The faint whisper of shells hitting the dug out’ It shows the big attack has started, intensifying ‘three more shells hit rapidly’ building it up. ‘Trotter’s hand is quivering’ which shows he is scared out of comfort. ‘Stanhope is still writing in his book’ which means that he isn’t taking much notice he is staying calm ignoring the fact he could probably die any minute. ‘Only corporal Ross hit’ showing us the other side of the war that it is not all peace and happiness. ‘Red glow of dawn’ Sort of angry colour, Then Raleigh is shot in the back. ‘Bit of shells got him in the back, Fraid it’s broke his spine, sir can’t move his legs. This is where Stanhope realizes how much he likes Raleigh, normally Stanhope would get them took down to the big dug out on the right but not Raleigh, ‘Bring him down ere’ which shows Stanhope is saying Raleigh is important my best friend, ‘Raleigh wakes from unconsciousness ‘Hullo——Dennis’ which shows us that he is weak from the attack and he is slowly dying, but Raleigh thinks he is ok ‘Im okay now (he tries to rise) then they are talking about the gun noise ‘Nah it is mostly their guns’ showing that they know the war is half lost and there isn’t a lot of hope left in it at all. We have an awful conversation that is so sad about Raleigh is going to die but Stanhope is trying to keep up the hope and then he dies and it is all so sad. Then Stanhope leaves and a shell hits the dug out causing it to collapse snuffing out the candle leaving Raleigh in darkness, we can only think none of them survived.

Employee performance and motivation in organizations, a brief review - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1490 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Introduction: The assignment requires us to select a topic; identify two associated peer reviewed journal articles, and make our own comparative analysis of them in relation to the topic. The topic selected is the The relationship between retention of the employee and the employees motivation. Accordingly two articles were selected Performance and Motivation prepared by Alfred W. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Employee performance and motivation in organizations, a brief review" essay for you Create order Huf III, and Employee retention and turnover: Using Motivational Variables as a panacea, by Michael O. Samuel and Crispen Chipunza. The author of the first article says that this main aim is to look at the link between performance and motivation. This article mainly considers the employees perspective, and how they have performed in relation to improvement in the quality of their working life. Most of the cases in the article show how performance can be kept at a top level, getting the best from each employee. Motivation always follows the standard of the leadership, and if there is a good leadership in the organization there will be top level motivation as well. This article also discusses how employees are motivated by having non-cash rewards and / or the cash rewards. Importantly, it also describes that there are contradictions in the work of a few major policy makers such as Herzberg, Maslow, and Taylor. The author shows and discusses the facts regarding this matter. The au thors of the second article Employee retention and turnover: using motivational variables as a panacea aim to emphasize research that tells the story of why the people working in an organisation are leaving. It describes intrinsic and extrinsic factors that will influence the turnover of employees in the workplace. And for this the authors have chosen a few organizations and have focused research regarding this. They have also identified the motivational factors that affect the turnover and the retention of staff. So this is a research based article that will guide us to consider the important factors of motivation and the turnover or retention of employees in an organisation. It is often hard to keep skilled employees in an organisation. We have to provide many incentives and many rewards to retain these people. So, motivational factors are the most important factors to be considered in any kind of organization. In this article the authors have shown some theoretical and practical factors that influenced the turnover and retention of employees. As it very hard for mangers to retain their skilled employees in the organisation, a good plan is needed which has to be worked hard at. With this understanding we can also identify certain similarities as well as disparities in these two articles. This report will provide more specific analysis of them. Comparative Analysis: In the first article, Performance and Motivation; the author is mainly aiming to identify the link between motivation and performance within large organisational behaviors. He suggests that is really essential to improve to improve motivation and so reduce the turnover in the organization. But in the second article Employee Retention and Turnover: Using Motivational Variables as a Panacea. The authors discuss the motivational factors or the variables that will keep the workers in the organisation, and affirm how important it is to keep the skilled workers bonded to the organisation. So the two articles share the focus on the motivation and the retention of skilled workers. In the first article the few case studies which will guide us to identify some factors that are important to understand the motivational factors in an organization are discussed. It also describes the theoretical comparison. The non-cash rewards can be a vital part of employees motivation. The author of the first article suggests that the non-cash rewards such as flexi time, goal based incentives, and rewarding the employee of the month will motivate rather more than giving an amount of money to the workers. It is also said that communicating this among the employees is the most important part of motivating them. So these kinds of rewards may lead to the top performing employees remaining in an organization. In the incentive packages they offer the authority can consider that giving merchandise awards is more effective than giving top seller trips. In weekly or monthly meetings the authority can decide to offer such awards to the top sales teams or individuals as a motivation tactic. This falls into the category of motivation by no-cash rewards. The author also identifies another critical motivational factor, i.e. employees being asked to suggest, or demonstrate, change that could be made to improve performance. This is crucial, particularly if an employee is looking elsewhere f or a better offer, as it gives the opportunity to explain their need to look elsewhere, and to suggest what might improve their immediate situation. It also gives people who are performing well the opportunity to negotiate incentives. Within such a culture, one in which the need to perform well is encouraged, employees have to worry less about employees turnover. And there is one thing that arises in the article that the relationship between employer and employee is so important to the retention of employees. This can be done by having a conversation with the employee and the employer. The employer can ask the stories that the bad and the good situation from the employees of their life. So this will create a big bond between the two parties and the employee may unable to bargain incentives after this kind of conversation. And finally an important motivational factor is identified in the latter part of the article. The motivating language used by the leader or the manger when t aking to employees is one of the most powerful ways in such better motivation and high work performance can be encourage. As we can see, the above factors can be used as motivational strategies in an organisation. So, it is important to consider the other well-established factors in the second article to compare the linkage between the two articles. We have found in the second article that the authors state the theoretical aspects of the motivation. They propose that Herzberg has defined some motivational factors that can be taken into consideration. He defined the intrinsic variables as achievements, recognitions, advancements, responsibility, work itself and the growth of employee. These are some of the most well-known motivational factors that can be used to retain employees. However, the article also states that extrinsic factors also may have some influence on the retention and turnover of employees. The factors we have identified in this article are: competitive salar y, friendly working environment, better interpersonal relationships and, the most important, job security. According to the article the most effective employee retention strategy would be the combination of both intrinsic and extrinsic variables. This article is focuses on linking the literature of motivational factors with current practical knowledge, and constructs a model to describe the entire story of why the employee, turnover and retention happen. The second article distinguished many practical factors that directly affect the motivation and retention of employees. So we can identify some extrinsic and intrinsic motivational factors that influence employee turnover and retention. The following motivation variables appear to have significant influence over employee motivation, retention and the turnover as well. Training and development Job security Sense of belonging to the organisation Interesting / challenging work environment Freedom and encourageme nt of innovative thinking Performance based promotion rather than automatic seniority. Building a life-long relationship Work autonomy. . Conclusion: As discussed in the study, there are many motivational factors that can be identified from the two articles. The major findings from the first article identify the theoretical aspects of how motivation could be used to develop better performance in an organisation. It also specifies the motivational factors that are related to the cases explored, and this is the essence of that study. Some motivational factors identified in the article can be very important to the performance of the workers. The main motivational techniques discussed in this article are goal incentives, flexi time, employees of the month, merchandise award, top seller tips and language to employee. Basically, this article gives emphasize on motivational factors for maximize the employee performance. The second article identifies practical approaches to the development of the motivation that will reduce turnover and retain the skilled workers in the organization. Some important factors related to growth in the organisation can also be identified in the article, factors which are required in order to retain skilled workers; meanwhile employees can be given wider experience and offered further training. In this article it becomes clear that certain motivational factors are crucial in influencing the employees decisions. Analysis of the two articles leads to the conclusion that, though approaching issues of motivation and retention of employees from different directions, both agree that training and development, a competitive salary package, job security, work autonomy and recognition / rewards are the main motivational variables that will influence workforce stability, increase ability, higher skill base, and better performance in the workplace.

The Importance of Counseling Essay example - 1582 Words

A successful leaders use praise effectively. Identifying shortcomings and then telling soldiers what must be improved are a leader’s responsibility. Praising soldiers for their improvement and proper performance is even more important. To have a soldier to continue on the right step you need and will have to give them a positive counsel more often than what you probably want to. A sincere and honest praise lets soldiers know that their leader appreciates their efforts. Praising subordinates is a simple act that takes little time but will provide many benefits. With a few positive, encouraging words and a pat on the back, the leader can recognize and reinforce desired behavior and performance. A soldier who feels that their best efforts are†¦show more content†¦Leaders owe their soldiers the best possible road map to success. Leaders help their soldiers solve complex problems by guiding them to workable solutions through effective counseling. Developmental counselin g is subordinate-centered communication that outlines actions necessary for soldiers to achieve individual and organizational goals and objectives. It is vital to the Armys future that all leaders conduct professional growth counseling with their soldiers to develop the leaders of tomorrow. Leaders counsel their subordinate NCOs and junior enlisted soldiers. There may be situations where officers counsel junior enlisted soldiers. The point is this: every leader has an obligation to develop their subordinates through developmental counseling. The Army values play a very important role. Simply put the values of loyalty, duty and selfless service require leaders to counsel their soldiers. The values of honor, integrity and personal courage require both leaders and soldiers to give straightforward feedback and, if possible, goal-oriented tasks or solutions. The Army value of respect requires us all to find the best way to communicate that feedback and goals. Some soldiers may perceive c ounseling as an adverse action, perhaps because that is their experience. Developmental counseling most definitely is not supposed to be an adverse action. Regular developmental counseling is the Armys most important tool for developing futureShow MoreRelatedThe Importance And Cons Of Counseling1020 Words   |  5 PagesFor a moment there was a sense of success that lingered at the hopeful look that gazed upon carefully held pastries, yet when the expression he carefully monitored morphed into outright sadness the sensation quickly faltered. Feeling his natural smile waning due to his failure to understand, Malik attempted to remain optimistic about the outcome for both of their sakes. Before he could begin to speak tiny fingers gestured towards the cherry filled treat with enthusiasm, and a few hand signals wereRead MoreThe Importance And Cons Of Counseling1075 Words   |  5 PagesHis imposing figure towered above us, the weight of his shadow almost felt like it could crush me. Honestly, I’m not surprised considering he took power over the country 20-30 years ago and morphed it into his little sandbox. Life wasn’t bad, it wasn’t great either though. I can’t imagine it would be hundreds of times better if we werent’ in this situation. I wouldn’t mind a little peace and quiet though, the piercing sounds of police weaponry clashing with the older snapping noises of makeshiftRead MoreThe Importance Of The School Counseling Profession1537 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of the School Counseling profession has evolved over time in order to promote student success, at all grade levels, depending on current trends. 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I have learned there is a lot more to counseling than just sitting there and listening, you must learn to use competency skills as well. Looking over the 14 personal competencies which includes: 1) Be nonjudgmental; 2) be flexible; 3) be resourceful; 4) personal observations; 5) pay attention to thoughts and feelings; 6) listen carefully; 7) observe attentively; 8) assume complexity; 9) tolerateRead MoreThe Importance Of Marriage Preparation And Premarital Counseling Essay734 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"The importance of marriage preparation and premarital counseling has increased in the United States as the divorce rate continues to remain high.† (Larson et. al., 2002 p.233) Marital dysfunction and dissatisfaction are among the top reasons couples have sought out divorce. With the rate of divorce rising, it poses a question what marriage and family therapists can do to help lower the divorce rates and help couples develop healthier relationships. †¨ Premarital prevention programs were implementedRead MoreThe Importance of the Therapy Leader in Group Counseling1584 Words   |  6 Pagesyet strong enough to at times withstand highly charged emotions, challenges, and interactions between members. In addition to personal characteristics, group leaders need to acquire a body of knowledge and a set of skills specific to group work. Counseling skills can be taught, but there is also an element of art involved in using these skills. The objective of this paper is to compile a list of the important factors and traits that allow therapists to be successful group therapy leaders . 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AA is a worldwide fell owship of alcoholic men and women who are banded together to solve their common problems and to help fellow sufferers in recovery from alcoholism. These particular Alcoholics Anonymous meeting opened with a serenity prayer, a reading of the AA

Impact of Industrial Pollution on Human Health in I-9 and...

IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION ON HUMAN HEALTH IN I-9 AND I-10 SECTORS OF ISLAMABAD ABSTRACT The research aims to study the impact of industrial pollution on the health of people in I-9 and I-10 Islamabad. The study shows that majority of the people are suffering from asthma, disruption in sleep, hypertension, tuberculosis and a lot of diseases related to skin. There is no check and balance on the industrial wastage and harmful gases. Measure should be taken for the industrial wastage and also the industries should be far from the residential areas. Moreover high quality machinery should be used and should be properly installed. The awareness campaign should also be arranged to aware the industrialist about the harmfulness†¦show more content†¦The furnaces produces metal dusts, slag and gaseous emissions. Smoke is produced during charging of the furnace. Air emission from the industry includes nitrogen dioxide, sulphar dioxide and carbon monoxide and thick black smoke. Particularly pollution is generated due to poor quality of scrap bundled Scrap which is being used by melters consists mainly of spent containers of edible oil, paints lubricants and even rubber. There are 11 re-rolling mills and using locally manufactures billets, which are reheated in gas or oil fired open gas furnace. The environment related issue is the occasional discharge of black smoke. Large quantities of steam are used as a main heating medium in ghee manufacturing processes. Steam is also used for creating the vacuum required in ghee manufacturing. During this time major air emissions are nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide. The extremely high level of consumption of fresh water by these industries has resulted in generation of large volume of waste water. Major waste water pollutants from this industry include oil and grease, soaps and suspended solids. There are 31 marble cutting and polishing units in the industrial area of Islamabad The excess water displaced by the gathering sludge overflows withoutShow MoreRelatedArchitecture and Industrial Age: The Role of Media Violence in Violent Behavior by L. Rowell Huesmann and Laramie D. Taylor 3013 Words   |  13 PagesSCHOOL AT SECTOR G13/2 ISLAMABAD INTRODUCTION: BACKGROUND: We are in an industrial age where everything is mechanical and we see everything in terms of money .We ignored the natural environment and build a mechanical world for humans ignoring the fact that human being breathe also. Human are not machines that don’t have any culture, society or any sensitivity toward the environment. Human in every era do respond to every single change that’s taking place. With the passage of time fear of human has alsoRead MoreDisaster Management Policies and Systems in Pakistan13687 Words   |  55 PagesA Review of Disaster Management Policies and Systems in Pakistan for WCDR 2005 January, 2005 Islamabad Abbreviations 1 ADB Asian Development Bank AJK Azad Jammu Kashmir DCO District Coordination Officer DERA Drought Emergency Relief Assistance DANIDA Danish International Development Assistance ECF Energy Conservation Fund EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ERC Emergency Relief Cell FATA Federally Administered Tribal Areas FFC Federal Flood Commission GDO Goods Dispatch OrganizationRead More Pakistans Relationship with IMF and World Bank Essay6151 Words   |  25 PagesPakistans Relationship with IMF and World Bank My topic deals with Pakistan, its relationship with the IMF and World Bank, and its internal problems that are causing unemployment, poverty, economic crisis and hunger. I shall be analyzing the situation using the neo-classical theory, as it is what the economists of the Pakistan government and the IMF are using to alleviate the economic instability of the country. Situated in the sub-continent, Pakistan is a low-income country, withRead MoreCuases Impact of Rural - Urban Migration from District Swabi to Peshawar14595 Words   |  59 Pagesabstract MIGRATION IS THE MOVEMENT OF HUMAN FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER. THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF MIGRATION. ONE IS EXTERNAL MIGRATION AND OTHER IS INTERNAL MIGRATION. MIGRATION OF PEOPLE FROM RURAL AREA TO URBAN AREA IS INTERNAL MIGRATION. AS A RESEARCHER WE HAVE TRIED TO EVALUATE CAUSES AND IMPACT OF RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION FROM SWABI TO PESHAWAR. THE RESEARCH IS CONDUCTED UNDER THE FOLLOWING OBJECTIVES: (I) TO KNOW ABOUT VARIOUS SOCIO-ECONOMIC CAUSES OF RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION. 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Green Houseeffect and Global Warming Free Essays

Brian John ENG 102 Vicki Besaw 15 April 2013 The green house effect is happening right now at this very moment! According to our text book in physical geography; human induced burning fossil fuels such as natural gas, coal, oil and gasoline raises the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and carbon dioxide is a major contributor to the green house effect and global warming. (McKnight’s, Physical Geography, P. 75, 2011)What will happen to the Earth and its people, animals, plants, lands and oceans if we fail to successfully address the environmental issues we face today? Our global population, air quality, human health, our food supply drinking water, wild life and habitats will all be effected with global warming. We will write a custom essay sample on Green Houseeffect and Global Warming or any similar topic only for you Order Now What can you do to preserve and protect the environment? There are many things we can do to help our mother earth. Opposition may be the large oil, auto, and coal companies and any explanation they may give from their studies will be bias. WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING? Global Warming is defined as the increase of the average temperature on Earth. As the Earth is getting hotter, disasters like hurricanes, droughts and floods are getting more frequent. â€Å"Global Warming and Green House Effect† StudyMode. com. 09 2010. 09 2010 http://www. studymode. com/essays/Global-Warming-And-Green-House-Effect-416843. html. What causes the greenhouse effect one might ask? According to the movie â€Å"An Inconvenient Truth†, Life on earth depends on energy from the sun. About 30 percent of the sunlight that beams toward Earth is deflected by the outer atmosphere and scattered back into space. The rest reaches the planet’s surface and is reflected upward again as a type of slow-moving energy called infrared radiation. (movie; An Inconvenient Truth,2006) The heat caused by infrared radiation is absorbed by â€Å"greenhouse gases† such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane, which slows its escape from the atmosphere. Although greenhouse gases make up only about 1 percent of the Earth’s atmosphere, they regulate our climate by trapping heat and holding it in a kind of warm-air blanket that surrounds the planet. This phenomenon is what scientists call the â€Å"greenhouse effect. Without it, scientists estimate that the average temperature on Earth would be colder by approximately 30 degrees Celsius (54 degrees Fahrenheit), far too cold to sustain our current ecosystem. How do humans contribute to the greenhouse effect? In our textbook â€Å"While the greenhouse effect is an essential environmental prerequisite for life on Earth, there really can be too much of a good thing. The problems begin when human activities distort and accelerate the natural process by creating more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere than are necessary to warm the planet to an ideal temperature. Burning natural gas, coal and oil -including gasoline for automobile engines-raises the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. * Some farming practices and land-use changes increase the levels of methane and nitrous oxide. * Many factories produce long-lasting industrial gases that do not occur naturally, yet contribute significantly to the enhanced greenhouse effect and â€Å"global warming† that is currently under way. * Deforestation also contributes to global warming. Trees use carbon dioxide and give off oxygen in its place, which helps to create the optimal balance of gases in the atmosphere. As more forests are logged for timber or cut down to make way for farming, however, there are fewer trees to perform this critical function. * Population growth is another factor in global warming, because as more people use fossil fuels for heat, transportation and manufacturing the level of greenhouse gases continues to increase. As more farming occurs to feed millions of new people, more greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere. American Geophysical Union, Human Impacts on Climate, adopted by AGU Council, December 2003. ) Ultimately, more greenhouse gases means more infrared radiation trapped and held which gradually increases the temperature of the Earth’s surface and the air in the lower atmosphere. According to the movie â€Å"The Eleventh Hour†, the average global temperature is increasing quickly. Today, the increase in the Earth’s temperature is increasing with unprecedented speed. To understand just how quickly global arming is accelerating, consider this: During the entire 20th century, the average global temperature increased by about 0. 6 degrees Celsius (slightly more than 1 degree Fahrenheit). Using computer climate models, scientists estimate that by the year 2100 the average global temperature will increase by 1. 4 degrees to 5. 8 degrees Celsius (approximately 2. 5 degrees to 10. 5 degrees Fahrenheit). Not all scientists agree. While the majority of mainstream scientists agree that global warming is a serious problem that is growing steadily worse, there are some who disagree. John Christy, a professor and director of the Earth System Science Center at the University of Alabama in Huntsville is a respected climatologist who argues that global warming isn’t worth worrying about. Christy reached that opinion after analyzing millions of measurements from weather satellites in an effort to find a global temperature trend. He found no sign of global warming in the satellite data, and now believes that predictions of global warming by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the 21st century are incorrect. In the course stainable development I took here at the College Of Menominee Nation we watched a short 20 minute called â€Å"The Story of Stuff†. Some ways to help the environment; Live green, reduce global warming, conserve energy. (short movie â€Å"The Story Of Stuff†) Want to put more â€Å"green† in your life by saving money and reducing waste? Here is practical information about environmentally friendly food, drink, fashions, cars and cleaning products, to name a few. Make eco-friendly lifestyle choices and buying decisions that will help sustain the environment rather than deplete it. Reducing global warming may seem like a daunting task, but if each of us makes a commitment to taking steps now, we can make a difference. For example, if every family in the United States replaced one regular light bulb with a compact fluorescent, 90 billion pounds of greenhouse gases would be eliminated. Look here for more steps, big and small, that will help to reduce global warming One way to do your part to protect the environment is to make choices every day that enable you to use less energy. Here are some of the things I learned in the sustainable development class at the College of Menominee Nation. Reduce, reuse, recycle, do your part to reduce waste by choosing reusable products instead of disposables. Buying products with minimal packaging (including the economy size when that makes sense for you) will help to reduce waste. And whenever you can, recycle paper, plastic, newspaper, glass and aluminum cans. If there isn’t a recycling program at your workplace, school, or in your community, ask about starting one. By recycling half of your household waste, you can save 2,400 pounds of carbon dioxide annually. Use less heat and air conditioning. Adding insulation to your walls and attic, and installing weather stripping or caulking around doors and windows can lower your heating costs more than 25 percent, by reducing the amount of energy you need to heat and cool your home. Turn down the heat while you’re sleeping at night or away during the day, and keep temperatures moderate at all times. Setting your thermostat just 2 degrees lower in winter and higher in summer could save about 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide each year. Change a light bulb. Wherever practical, replace regular light bulbs with compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs. Replacing just one 60-watt incandescent light bulb with a CFL will save you $30 over the life of the bulb. CFLs also last 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, use two-thirds less energy, and give off 70 percent less heat. If every U. S. family replaced one regular light bulb with a CFL, it would eliminate 90 billion pounds of greenhouse gases, the same as taking 7. 5 million cars off the road. Drive less and drive smart. Less driving means fewer emissions. Besides saving gasoline, walking and biking are great forms of exercise. Explore your community mass transit system, and check out options for carpooling to work or school. When you do drive, make sure your car is running efficiently. For example, keeping your tires properly inflated can improve your gas mileage by more than 3 percent. Every gallon of gas you save not only helps your budget; it also keeps 20 pounds of carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. Buy energy-efficient products. When it’s time to buy a new car, choose one that offers good gas mileage. Home appliances now come in a range of energy-efficient models, and compact florescent bulbs are designed to provide more natural-looking light while using far less energy than standard light bulbs. Avoid products that come with excess packaging, especially molded plastic and other packaging that can’t be recycled. If you reduce your household garbage by 10 percent, you can save 1,200 pounds of carbon dioxide annually. Use less hot water. Set your water heater at 120 degrees to save energy, and wrap it in an insulating blanket if it is more than 5 years old. Buy low-flow showerheads to save hot water and about 350 pounds of carbon dioxide yearly. Wash your clothes in warm or cold water to reduce your use of hot water and the energy required to produce it. That change alone can save at least 500 pounds of carbon dioxide annually in most households. Use the energy-saving settings on your dishwasher and let the dishes air-dry. Use the off switch. Save electricity and reduce global warming by turning off lights when you leave a room, and using only as much light as you need. And remember to turn off your television, video player, stereo and computer when you’re not using them. It’s also a good idea to turn off the water when you’re not using it. While brushing your teeth, shampooing the dog or washing your car, turn off the water until you actually need it for rinsing. You’ll reduce your water bill and help to conserve a vital resource. Plant a tree. If you have the means to plant a tree, start digging. During photosynthesis, trees and other plants absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. They are an integral part of the natural atmospheric exchange cycle here on Earth, but there are too few of them to fully counter the increases in carbon dioxide caused by automobile traffic, manufacturing and other human activities. A single tree will absorb approximately one ton of carbon dioxide during its lifetime. Get a report card from your utility company. Many utility companies provide free home energy audits to help consumers identify areas in their homes that may not be energy efficient. In addition, many utility companies offer rebate programs to help pay for the cost of energy-efficient upgrades. Encourage others to conserve. Share information about recycling and energy conservation with your friends, neighbors and co-workers, and take opportunities to encourage public officials to establish programs and policies that are good for the environment. ( Reducing Carbon-Based Energy Consumption through Changes in Household Behavior Thomas Dietz, Paul C. Stern, and Elke U. Weber Daedalus, Winter 2013, Vol. 142, No. 1 , Pages 78-89) These steps will take you a long way toward reducing your energy use and your monthly budget. And less energy use means less dependence on the fossil fuels that create greenhouse gases and contribute to global warming. Works Cited (McKnight’s, Physical Geography, P. 75, 2011) â€Å"Global Warming and Green House Effect† StudyMode. com. 09 2010. 09 2010 ;http://www. studymode. com/essays/Global-Warming-And-Green-House-Effect-416843. html;. (American Geophysical Union, Human Impacts on Climate, adopted by AGU Council, December 2003. ) (short movie â€Å"The Story Of Stuff†) .( Reducing Carbon-Based Energy Consumption through Changes in Household Behavior Thomas Dietz, Paul C. Stern, and Elke U. Weber Daedalus, Winter 2013, Vol. 142, No. 1 , Pages 78-89) How to cite Green Houseeffect and Global Warming, Papers

Hospitality for Micro Environmental Analysis - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theHospitalityfor Micro Environmental Analysis. Answer: Introduction: Founded in the year of 1976, in Western Australia, Chicken Treat has gradually established itself as one of the most recognized barbecue chicken fast food restaurants of Australia (Chickentreat.com.au 2017). The freshly cooked chicken, traditional stuffing along with an innovative approach to product development has helped the management authority of Chicken Treat successfully handle its third decade of operation. With new products, like Royal Burgers and Fresh Wraps, which are as dainty as healthy, have helped the company achieve huge brand recognition and expand in other parts of the country as well. Although the market insights claim that the company has been witnessing unprecedented growth in its sales, it is important to evaluate the business environment in which the company is operating as well as the marketing strategies adopted by the company in order to achieve competitive edge as well. Hence, the present business report intends to critically analyze the business environment of the company, examine the effectiveness of its marketing strategies as well as sustainability initiatives undertaken by the company. Discussion: Micro Environmental Analysis of Chicken Treat: The micro environmental analysis of an organization helps in analyzing the forces within the organization that directly or indirectly affects its ability to serve the consumers. While trying to analyze the micro environment of Chicken Treat, the strength and weakness of the organization should be analyzed. As far as the strength of the restaurant chain is concerned, its strong brand recognition in Australia as well as its expanded network of restaurant chains across the country (60 in Western Australia itself) is worth mentioning (Lang et al. 2015). Another important strength of the company is its innovative approach in business that allows it offer a rich variety of food items to the consumers. On the other hand, as far as the weakness is concerned, the company has not yet expanded outside Australia, and as such its market as well as brand value is confined within the Australian market only. Further, the company encounters fierce competition from other restaurant chains like Red Roo ster and Pizza Hut. Besides, there are other core micro-economic factors as well that do affect the company as well and are discussed in detail as follows: Consumers: The consumers of Chicken Treat primarily consist of the people belonging to the age group of 18 to 40, taking interest in spicy fast food Chicken products at affordable prices (Thorntn et al. 2016). Besides, the company also offers catering services to families and business organizations, and hence its large customer base helps the company enjoy huge amount of annual revenue every year. Employees: A huge number of employees work under the company, and their salaries are being continually revised and each employee enjoys flexible working schedule that helps to keep them motivated to work more productively in the long run. Competitors: KFC, Henny Penny, Oport, Pizza Hut and Red Rooster are some of the popular restaurant chains operating in Australia that offer fierce competition to the company. Media: The very reason as to why the company has managed to grab the attention of a huge number of consumers over the years is that it has been able to engage the media actively in each of its promotional strategies. The company has not only hired celebrities like Ricky Grace that has helped to boost its sales, but has also introduced the CGI rooster named Chicken Nick, as its official mascot. The public appearance of the mascot over digital and social media channels has largely helped the company gain immense recognition over the last years (Brindal et al. 2015). Macro Environmental Analysis of Chicken Treat: The general environment within an economy in which a company is operating is referred to as its macro environment, and in order to analyze the macro environment of Chicken Treat, the PESTEL Analysis is being conducted as follows: Political Factors A variety of important food safety standards have been outlined by Food Standard Australia New Zealand on fast food restaurants and hence Chicken treat has to abide by these rules in order to ensure the production of fresh, healthy products. Among the public health policies of Australia, such as the OECD policy intends to safeguard the Australian children from getting exposed to too many fast food adverts. This affects the marketing strategy of Chicken Treat. The political environment of Australia is relatively stable. Economic Factors The economic condition of the country is strong with a high rate of GDP that is at par with four dominant West European nations. However, in the recent period of economic recession, the consumers are considering the fast food restaurants like Chicken Treat to be the cheaper alternatives to the traditional restaurants. Social Factors The Australian people have become more health conscious with the rise in health problems like Diabetes and Obesity in Australia, and people are less interested in fast food products. A large part of the population consists of elderly people, who usually stay away from junk food (Shahnahan et al. 2014). Australia is very famous as a tourist destination, and the Chicken Treat being located in places like Perth, Sydney and Adelaide make its products popular among the tourists. Technological Factors The technological infrastructure as well as the road and rail infrastructure of the country is very well-developed, that helps Chicken Treat in its easy distribution and marketing process. Technological improvement in inventory management, vendor management and supply chain management has proved to be highly beneficial for the company. There is moderate scope of research in product development in Australia. Environmental Factors The Australian government does not have any strong legal framework for minimizing the impact of the industry on the environment. However, basic policies protecting the environment require the company to minimize its wastes, and maximize recycling of products. Legal Factors The company operates in Australia and hence it is required to continually assess workplace safety in compliance with OHS Acts (Miller et al. 2015). The Australian Institute of Employment Rights mandates that the companies ensure the employees minimum wages, and flexible work schedules at least once a month. Description of One Operational Area: Since Chicken treat is a fast food selling organization, the main area of its operation is its kitchen. Although as per the layout of the restaurant chains, there is no distinct area allocated for the kitchen, it is almost merged with the dining space itself. The outlets are not as spacious as Pizza Hut and hence the kitchen area is kept small. The cooks working inside the kitchen space act as a waiter as well. As a result, the consumers coming in, ordering the food would require to go to the kitchen area and ask the cooks cum receptionists for the food they are willing to order. It is important to mention here that during the peak hours, such as during the evening or the noon, the cooks take the orders, while only one of them is entrusted with the duty of welcoming the consumers and receiving the money (Zhang et al. 2015). On the other hand, at other times, when the workload is not very huge, three staffs are entrusted with the duty of preparing the food as per the orders, while one of them welcomes the guest, one sits at the billing desk and the other one follows up with the requirements of the consumers. Current Promotional Marketing Strategies: Since the time, Chicken Nick has been declared as the official mascot of Chicken Treat, the mascot has been shown surfing as well as Hula dancing on the television channels as well as the social media sites, making the company and its brand largely popular maong the young consumers. Although the celebrity marketing strategy of the company is not incredibly impressive unlike its competitors like Eagle Boys, the company has nevertheless roped in celebrities like Perth Wildcats star Ricky Grace and Australian Idol contestant Chris Murphy (Smith 2017). It is equally important to note here that the recent marketing strategy of the company is highly aggressive, as different adverts are doing the rounds on internet websites and Facebook, where Chicken Treat claims that it does not ask its consumers eat out of a bucket. In this way, the restaurant chain is mocking at its rival giant, KFC, and the tongue-in-cheek humor is not only making the brand popular among the masses but is also letting its consumers laugh at the most trusted brands of the world. Further, the company has recently introduced Betty the Chicken as the face of the company. Although the company might have lagged behind due to its inability to hire a renowned celebrity endorsing its brand, it has selected the animated character Betty, as its brand ambassador that is winning hearts over social media sites. The Facebook page of the company not only has Betty as its profile picture, but it also shares interesting, funny and humorous posts with hash tag Chicken Tweet. The Twitter account of the company is also apparently used by Betty the Chicken, with each of its tweets being shared and re-tweeted over thousand times. Customer Experience Approach: Since Chicken Treat operates its business in a service based industry, it becomes highly important for the company to ensure that it is able to successfully reinvent its consumer experience. In order to improve the experience of the consumers, the organization has already introduced various staff skill developing training programs for its working staffs, helping them improve their soft skills and the communication skills. Besides, the company also offers the opportunity to its consumers to order customized meals, meant for personalizing the customer experience of the consumer. The online presence of the company has also helped the customer support team work actively 24*7 for solving the doubts and queries of the consumers via social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter (Ravichandran et al. 2015). Sustainability Initiatives Promoted by Chicken Treat: The company continually updates information about the nutritional content of each of its food products on the social sites, so as to help the consumers and the entire society make the informed decisions on their own. The company has recently also created a recycling program for aluminum, glass and papers in Australia (Chickentreat.com.au 2017). This move meant to safeguard the country from environmental degradation. Besides, as part of its environmental sustainability mission, the company has also recently engaged itself in tracking its environmental performance on a regular basis. Each of the restaurant chains measure its water consumption, energy consumption and water diversion to ensure a more sustainable world. Conclusion: To conclude, it should be noted that Chicken Treat is on its way to attain much recognition in future. The active engagement of te company I different humble yet powerful sustainability initiatives, as well as its aggressive marketing strategy is sure to boost the sales of the company in future. However, it is advised that if the company wishes to sustain itself in future, it must expand outside Australia very soon. Reference List: Brindal, E., Wilson, C., Mohr, P. and Wittert, G., 2015. Eating in groups: Do multiple social influences affect intake in a fast-food restaurant?.Journal of health psychology,20(5), pp.483-489. Chickentreat.com.au. 2017.Chicken Treat. [online] Available at: https://www.chickentreat.com.au/ [Accessed 10 May 2017]. Lang, T. and Heasman, M., 2015.Food wars: The global battle for mouths, minds and markets. Routledge. Miller, P., 2015, August. Is the risk management model and hierarchy of control relevant for psychosocial risks?. InProceedings 19th Triennial Congress of the IEA(Vol. 9, p. 14). Ravichandran, S., Cichy, K.E., Powers, M. and Kirby, K., 2015. Exploring the training needs of older workers in the foodservice industry.International Journal of Hospitality Management,44, pp.157-164. Shanahan, D.F., Lin, B.B., Gaston, K.J., Bush, R. and Fuller, R.A., 2014. Socio-economic inequalities in access to nature on public and private lands: a case study from Brisbane, Australia.Landscape and Urban Planning,130, pp.14-23. Smith, S. 2017.Float on the cards for Red Rooster, Chicken Treat. [online] The West Australian. Available at: https://thewest.com.au/business/retail/float-on-the-cards-for-red-rooster-chicken-treat-ng-b88326126z [Accessed 10 May 2017]. Thornton, L.E., Lamb, K.E. and Ball, K., 2016. Fast food restaurant locations according to socioeconomic disadvantage, urbanregional locality, and schools within Victoria, Australia.SSM-Population Health,2, pp.1-9. Zhang, J.J., Lawrence, B. and Anderson, C.K., 2015. An agency perspective on service triads: Linking operational and financial performance.Journal of Operations Management,35, pp.56-66.